Medical Transcription

Common Abbreviations:

Common Terms: Andrews spinal surgery frame, asterixis, echolalia, light touch, perseveration, proprioception, tardive dyskinesia, vibration

Anti-seizure Medications: Lamictal (lamotrigine), Neurontin (gabapentin), phenobarbital, Tegretol (carbamazepine), Topamax (topiramate), Trileptal, Zonegran (zonisamide)

Medication for ALS: Rilutek, riluzole

Medication for migraines: Migraine Meds; Zomig-ZMT

Medications for Multiple Sclerosis: Rebif

Medication for Parkinson: Medication Look-up, bumetanide (Bumex), Bumex (bumetanide), Comtan, Sinemet

Myasthenia Gravis

Procedures/Reports: L5-S1 Isthmic Spondylolisthesis with Radiculopathy, Temp Back Surgeries

Links to other sites: Information on Sleep Apnea; Cranial Nerves; Migraine Meds

bruxism

corpus callosum

CRANIAL NERVES: Cranial nerve II: Disks are flat and visual fields are full to confrontation. Cranial nerves III, IV, VI: PERRL, EOMI, there is no nystagmus and pursuits are smooth. Cranial nerve V: Sensation is intact to light touch. Cranial nerve VII: Facial movements are symmetrical. Cranial nerve VIII: Hearing is intact to finger rubbing bilaterally. Cranial nerves IX, X: Palate is upgoing and at midline. Cranial nerve XI: Head turn and shoulder shrug are equal. Cranial nerve XII: Tongue is midline, with equal sweep.

Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, which force certain parts of the body into abnormal, sometimes painful, movements or postures. Dystonia can affect any part of the body including the arms and legs, trunk, neck, eyelids, face, or vocal cords.

Epley maneuvers: Treatment for vertigo.

Fibromyalgia Tender Points

Glasgow Coma Scale

glioma:

Hydrocephalic

Jacksonian March=: Jacksonian seizures are brief alterations in movement, sensation or nerve function caused by abnormal electrical activity in a localized area of the brain. Seizures of this type typically cause no change in awareness or alertness. They are temporary, and short-lived. Jacksonian seizures are extremely varied. They can for example involve head turning, eye movements, lip smacking, mouth movements, drooling, rhythmic muscle contractions in a part of the body, apparently purposeful movements, abnormal numbness, tingling, and a crawling sensation over the skin.

Lhermitte's phenomenon: Neck flexion may induce electrical-like sensations running down the spine.

micrographia: Handwriting changes, with letters becoming smaller across the page (seen in Parkinson's)

Morquio syndrome:

Morquio syndrome is an inherited disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharide storage diseases. Two forms are recognized and called either A or B.

Type A disease is characterized by the absence of the enzyme galactosamine-6-sulfatase, and the excretion of keratan sulfate in the urine. Type B disease results from deficiency of beta galactosidase enzyme.

In both types there is accumulation in the body and brain of abnormally large amounts of a substance called mucopolysaccharide.

MRC: muscle strength testing (uses cardinal numbers).

nystagmus

optic chiasm

osmophobia: sensitivity to strong odors

parietal closed-lip

phonophobia: sensitivity to sound

photophobia: light sensitivity

polygyria

schizencephaly

septum pellucidum

Sleep score: Epworth Sleepiness Scale

STAGES OF SLEEP

Awake: alpha (awake, relaxed, drowsy, often with eyes closed, synchronized) and beta (alert, attentive, thinking, desynchronized) activity

Stage 1: alpha and theta activity, transition between sleep and wakefulness

Stage 2: theta activity, sleep spindles and K complexes (both involved in keeping person asleep by decreasing sensory awareness)

at this point, the person is sleeping soundly, but if awakened, will deny having been asleep

Stages 3 and 4: delta activity, "slow wave sleep"

at this point, the person is in deep sleep; if awakened, acts groggy and confused

nightmares may occur, but of awakened, will not report a story, but an emotionally-charged situation

REM: theta waves, desynchrony

at this point, the person is easily aroused by meaningful stimuli; if awakened, appears alert and attentive

dreaming, if awakened, will recite narrative-type story

complete sleep cycle about 90 minutes long

each cycle contains a 20-30 minute period of REM

slow wave sleep occurs mostly during first half of nite

sonophobia: sensitivity to sound

spinal classification: L and T both cardinal numbers

stereotactic radiosurgery

strabismus

TENS unit: A Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator, or TENS, unit is designed to relive post-operative, acute and chronic pain. It is used for pain caused by peripheral nerves and not central. TENS units are prescription-only devices.

thecal impression: in spine

tic (plural-tics)=A spasmodic muscular contraction, most commonly involving the face, head, neck, or shoulder muscles.